Akukacaci ukuba abanye abantu basandul' ukufunyaniswa benesi sifo bosulelwa yintsholongwane yemonkeypox, okanye ukuba yasasazeka njani
Iimeko ezininzi ezintsha zemonkeypox ziye zafunyanwa kwihlabathi jikelele, kunye neengxelo ezininzi e-UK kuphela.Ngokutsho kwe-Arhente yoKhuseleko lwezeMpilo yase-UK (UKHSA), bekukho ubungqina obudlulileyo bokusasazeka kwentsholongwane ye-monkeypox kubantu belizwe. yavela kwiimpuku kuMbindi nakwiNtshona Afrika kwaye sele idluliselwe ebantwini amaxesha amaninzi.Iimeko ezingaphandle kweAfrika zinqabile kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku zilandelelwe kubahambi abosulelekileyo okanye izilwanyana ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle.
Nge-7 kaMeyi, kwaxelwa ukuba umntu osuka eNigeria esiya e-UK ufumene i-monkeypox. Kwiveki kamva, abasemagunyeni babika amanye amatyala amabini eLondon ekucacayo ukuba ayengahambelani neyokuqala. bebengenalo unxibelelwano lwaziwayo kumatyala amathathu angaphambili-ecebisa umxokelelwane ongaziwayo wosulelo kubemi.
Ngokutsho koMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi, bonke abantu abosulelekileyo base-UK bafumene isebe lentsholongwane ye-Afrika eNtshona Afrika, elihlala lithambile kwaye lihlala licombulula ngaphandle konyango.Usulelo luqala ngomkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu ezibuhlungu kunye nokudinwa. intsuku enye ukuya kwezintathu, kuvela irhashalala, kunye namadyungudyungu namaqhuqhuva afana nalawo abangelwa yingqakaqha, athi ekugqibeleni aqwebe.
"Libali eliguqukayo," watsho u-Anne Limoyne, unjingalwazi we-epidemiology kwi-UCLA Fielding School of Public Health.Rimoin, oye wafunda i-monkeypox iminyaka eDemocratic Republic of Congo, unemibuzo emininzi: Kweliphi inqanaba lesi sifo. Ngaba abantu bosulelekile?Ingaba ezi meko zintsha ngenene okanye zindala zisanda kufunyanwa?Zingaphi kwezi zizehlo eziphambili - usulelo olulandelelwa kukudibana kwezilwanyana?Zingaphi kwezi izehlo zesibini okanye umntu nomntu?Ithini imbali yohambo? Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwezi meko?” Ndicinga ukuba kusesekuseni kakhulu ukuba ndenze ingxelo eqinisekileyo,” utshilo uRimoin.
Ngokutsho kwe-UKHSA, uninzi lwabantu abosulelekileyo e-UK ngamadoda abelana ngesondo namadoda kwaye bosulelwa sesi sifo eLondon. Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba usulelo lunokwenzeka kuluntu, kodwa nangokunxibelelana ngokusondeleyo nabanye abantu, kubandakanya amalungu osapho okanye abasebenzi bezempilo.Intsholongwane isasazeka ngamaconsi empumlweni okanye emlonyeni.Inokuthi isasazeke ngamanzi omzimba, njengama-pustules, kunye nezinto ezidibana nazo.Nangona kunjalo, iingcali ezininzi zithi uqhagamshelwano olusondeleyo luyimfuneko kwintsholongwane.
USusan Hopkins, umcebisi oyintloko wezonyango e-UKHSA, uthe eli qela lamatyala e-UK lalinqabile kwaye lingaqhelekanga.I-arhente okwangoku ilandelela abantu abosulelekileyo. Amanani okuzala asebenzayo ngelo xesha yayiyi-0.3 kunye ne-0.6 ngokulandelelanayo-ethetha ukuba umntu ngamnye owosulelekileyo wayisasaza intsholongwane kubantu abangaphantsi komnye kula maqela ngokomndilili - kokukhona kukho ubungqina obukhulayo bokuba, phantsi kweemeko ezithile, inokusasazeka ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka kumntu ukuya kuye. umntu.Ngenxa yezizathu ezingekacaci, inani losulelo kunye nokuqhambuka kwanda kakhulu - yiyo loo nto i-monkeypox ithathwa njengengozi yehlabathi jikelele.
Iingcali azikhange zikhawuleze zivakalise inkxalabo malunga nokuqhambuka kwemeko yehlabathi njengoko imeko isaqhubeka. Amayeza kwiKholeji yezoNyango yaseBaylor. Ngokwembali, intsholongwane iye yasasazeka ukusuka kwizilwanyana ukuya ebantwini, kwaye usulelo ukusuka emntwini ukuya emntwini luhlala lufuna unxibelelwano olusondeleyo okanye olusondeleyo. ingqakaqha,” utshilo uHotez.
Eyona ngxaki inkulu, wathi, kukusasazeka kwale ntsholongwane iphuma kwizilwanyana - ekusenokwenzeka ukuba ziimpuku - kwiDemocratic Republic of Congo, eNigeria naseNtshona Afrika. Ii-coronavirus ezifana nezo zibangela i-SARS kunye ne-COVID-19 kwaye ngoku i-monkeypox - ezi ziiZoonoses ezingalinganiyo, ezisasazeka ukusuka kwizilwanyana ukuya ebantwini, ”wongeze watsho uHotez.
Umlinganiselo wabantu abosulelekileyo ababulawa yimonkeypox ayaziwa ngenxa yedatha enganelanga.Amaqela omngcipheko awaziwayo amajoni omzimba kunye nabantwana, apho usulelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa lunokukhokelela ekuphuphumeni kwesisu.Kwisebe lentsholongwane yaseCongo, eminye imithombo ibonisa izinga lokufa. I-10% okanye ngaphezulu, nangona uphando olutshanje lubonisa izinga lokufa kwecala elingaphantsi kwe-5% .Ngokwahlukileyo, phantse wonke umntu onesifo se-West African version wasinda.Ngexesha lokuqhambuka okukhulu okwaziwayo okwaqala eNigeria kwi-2017, abantu abasixhenxe bafa, ubuncinane. abane kubo babebuthathaka amajoni omzimba.
Alukho unyango lwemonkeypox ngokwalo, kodwa amachiza okuthomalalisa i-cidofovir, i-brindofovir kunye ne-tecovir mate ayafumaneka. iingxaki ngexesha lezigulo zentsholongwane egazini.Early kwikhosi monkeypox isifo, isifo sinokupheliswa ngokugonywa inkawu kunye nengqakaqha okanye ngamalungiselelo antibody afunyenwe ngabanye.I US kutshanje iyalele izigidi zeedosi yokugonya ukuba kuveliswe 2023 kunye 2024 .
Inani lamatyala e-UK, kunye nobungqina bosulelo oluqhubekayo phakathi kwabantu abangaphandle kwe-Afrika, lunika uphawu lwamva nje lokuba intsholongwane iyatshintsha indlela yokuziphatha. ukwanda kwe-20 phakathi kwe-1980 kunye ne-2000s phakathi kweminyaka engama-2000. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, intsholongwane yaphinda yavela kumazwe amaninzi aseNtshona Afrika: eNigeria, umzekelo, kukho ngaphezu kwe-550 amatyala akrokrelwayo ukususela ngo-2017, apho ngaphezu kwe-2017. Ama-240 aqinisekisiweyo, kubandakanywa abantu abasi-8 ababhubhileyo.
Kutheni abantu abaninzi baseAfrika ngoku besulelwa yile ntsholongwane kusengumnqa.Izinto ezikhokelele ekuqhambukeni kwe-Ebola yakutshanje, ethe yasulela amawakawaka eNtshona Afrika nakwiDemocratic Republic of Congo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba inendima. kufutshane namahlathi, kunye nokwandiswa konxibelelwano nezilwanyana ezinokuthi zosuleleke, kuthanda ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane yezilwanyana ebantwini.Ngaxeshanye, ngenxa yokuxinana kwabantu abaninzi, izakhiwo ezingcono kunye nohambo olungaphezulu, intsholongwane isasazeka ngokukhawuleza, enokuthi ikhokelele ekuqhambukeni kwezizwe ngezizwe. .
Ukusasazeka kwe-monkeypox eNtshona Afrika kunokubonisa ukuba intsholongwane iye yavela kwisilwanyana esitsha.Intsholongwane inokosulela iintlobo zezilwanyana, kubandakanywa neentonga ezininzi, iinkawu, iihagu, kunye nezilwanyana. Ngo-2003, le ntsholongwane yangena e-United States ngeempuku zase-Afrika, eziye zathengiswa njengezilwanyana zasekhaya. ilizwe losulelwe yimonkeypox.
Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yangoku yeemeko zemonkeypox, eyona nto ikholelwa ukuba ibaluleke kakhulu kukuhla kokhuseleko lokugonywa kwi-smallpox kwihlabathi jikelele. Abantu baye banyuka ngokuthe ngcembe ukususela ekupheleni kwephulo lokugonya ingqakaqha, nto leyo eyenza ukuba inkawu ibe sesichengeni sokosulela abantu. Ngenxa yoko, umlinganiselo wosulelo olusuka emntwini luye emntwini lwalo lonke usulelo lonyuke ukusuka kwisinye kwisithathu kwiminyaka yoo-1980 ukuya kutsho kwisithathu- iikota ngo-2007.Enye into enegalelo ekwehleni kogonyo kukuba umyinge weminyaka yabantu abosulelwe yinkawu unyukile ngenani.Ixesha ukususela ekupheleni kwephulo lokugonya ingqakaqha.
Iingcali zase-Afrika ziye zalumkisa ukuba i-monkeypox inokutshintsha ukusuka kwisifo se-zoonotic kwingingqi ukuya kwisifo esosulelayo esichaphazelekayo kwihlabathi jikelele. Iphepha lika-2020.
"Okwangoku, akukho nkqubo yehlabathi yokulawula ukusasazeka kwemonkeypox," isazi ngentsholongwane saseNigeria u-Oyewale Tomori kudliwanondlebe olupapashwe kwiNgxoxo kulo nyaka uphelileyo. UK.Umngcipheko kuluntu lwaseBritane kude kube ngoku uphantsi.Ngoku, i-arhente ijonge iimeko ezininzi kwaye isebenzisana namaqabane amazwe ngamazwe ukufumanisa ukuba amaqela emonkeypox afanayo akhona nakwamanye amazwe.
“Sakuba sichonge amatyala, kuya kufuneka ukuba senze uphando olunzulu lwetyala kunye nokulandela umkhondo wonxibelelwano ukuze silwe ukuba isasazeka njani le ntsholongwane,” utshilo uRimoin. ngaxa lithile ngaphambi kokuba abasemagunyeni bezempilo baqaphele.” Ukuba udanyazisa isibane ebumnyameni, kukho into oza kuyibona.”
URimoin wongeze ukuba de izazinzulu ziqonde ukuba zisasazeka njani iintsholongwane, "kufuneka siqhubeke nento esiyaziyo, kodwa ngokuthobeka - khumbula ukuba ezi ntsholongwane zihlala zitshintsha kwaye zivela."
Ixesha lokuposa: May-25-2022